Importance Of Physical Education - 1271 Words

The Necessity of Physical Education: Why It Needs to Be Improved In today’s time, more than ever, it has become clear that schools in America are complacent with the amount, or lack thereof, of physical activity happening within their walls. Schools are placing academics above teaching children the necessities of caring for their bodies. While academics are obviously important, children still need to know the importance of looking after themselves, and using a class should be an absolute in school districts across the United States. This paper will explain the benefits of a physical education class, the grave aspects of physical inactivity, what schools can be doing to teach the children, and an opposing view on physical education†¦show more content†¦Training the kids to have these positive qualities can follow them their whole life, bringing promising changes in everyday routines. The article â€Å"Physical Activity: Measurement and Behavioral Patterns in Children and Youth†, explains that being active can deplete the risk of long term diseases and create good habits to help you for the future (Wà ³jcicki, Thomas R. and Edward McAuley 8). Taking the time to routinely practice physical activity can carry over into adulthood, which can only bring positive effects. According to â€Å"‘No Body Left Behind’: Re-Orienting School Based Childhood Obesity Interventions†, how much exercise the child gets seems to have more effect than controlling what they eat or anything else to cause weight loss (Wiley 103). Knowing that can help, because instead of limiting a child’s meal, they can just be more active, which can be enjoyable for a child. There are many rewards for being physically fit, and there are consequences that come with not staying in shape, as well. Many negative aspects are associated with not staying in shape. If children do not create good habits from childhood, the bad habits will most likely carry over to adult life. When children are obese, it can extend to later in life (Lu, Chunlei and Brandi Montague 409). Poor health can lead to both physical problems and psychological problems. If children carry on their physical inactivity to adult life, it can cause many different heart problems,Show MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Physical Education1361 Words   |  6 Pageswhich places little to no importance on physical activity. Their idea of exercise consists of how fast their fingers type. Immediate changes need to be implemented in the education system to avoid serious long-term effects. College physical education courses are designed to promote a healthy lifestyle through education and exercise. The main objective of the education system incorporating physical education into curriculums was to inform and educate students on t he importance of exercise for healthRead MoreImportance Of Physical Education1277 Words   |  6 Pages Physical education plays a crucial role in the education of the whole student. While research supports the significance of movement in educating both the mind and body, many education institutions do not require physical education in their programs. Physical education contributes directly to the development of physical capability and fitness, while helping students make educated choices, and giving them the ability to understand the value of living an active lifestyle. A study featured in the PeabodyRead MoreImportance of Physical Education in Schools2064 Words   |  9 Pages Importance of Physical Education in Schools SPO3001 Learn to Swim Table of Contents Page Introduction 3 Definition of Physical Education 3 What is taught in Physical Education? 4 Importance of Physical Education 5 The Importance of Physical Education as it relates to Swimming 7 Disadvantages of lack of Physical Education 9 Conclusion 10 References 11 Introduction Physical education plays a vital roleRead MoreThe Importance Of A Physical Education Teacher1476 Words   |  6 PagesPhysical Education Teaching is one of the most important careers that help advance a society. Teachers are important because they are responsible for passing along knowledge from generation to generation. Early Americans made education one of the most important aspects of society when this nation was founded. Formal education has been around thousands of years, but the modern education system in place now originated in the early 20th century. The progressive era in education took place from theRead MoreThe Importance of Physical Education Essay1194 Words   |  5 PagesWith more technology to feel the gap of physical labor for humans and poor nutrition, obesity is rising and people are not living up to their potential. Children have been spending more time indoors with a screen in their face and a controller in their hand. Lack of physical activity not only causes obesity, but lack of brain power and achievement. Children and their families need to be taught the proper ways of how to be healthy in p hysical education classes to maintain their health across theirRead MoreThe Importance Of Physical Education On American Schools1412 Words   |  6 Pages The Importance of Physical Education in American Schools Review Hommes, Tiffany J., Bemidji State University, USA Background Many children in America do not receive the needed amount of physical activity needed to maintain a healthy weight. Approximately17% of children are obese (Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2016) and 1 in 3 children are overweight or obese (American Heart Association, 2016). This is a local and national emergency that needs to be addressed to keep children healthyRead MoreImportance of Physical Education in Elementary Schools988 Words   |  4 PagesImportance of Physical Education in Elementary Schools Importance of Physical Education in Elementary Schools Chris Williams ECE 315 Terri Malone June 6, 2011 Importance of Physical Education in Elementary School Physical education is sometimes viewed as merely a chance for students to have fun, get the wiggles out. The fact is physical education is so much more important to the health and well being of all childrenRead MoreThe Importance of Physical Education and Health Education in the Development of an Individual1639 Words   |  7 PagesTHE IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH EDUCATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INDIVIDUAL Physical and health education is a significant aspect of a wholesome education around the world. Ministries of education all over the globe incorporate physical and health education into its curriculum. This clearly indicates that both physical and health education are key aspects in the development of an individual. Physical education is defined as a course of education learning that in a encourages playRead MoreThe Importance Of Physical Education For Individuals With Disabilities Essay1510 Words   |  7 Pagesprofessionals can evaluate a student. After a formal evaluation of the student an Individual Education Plan (IEP) would be made. Parents must provide written consent to the plan before it is implemented. IDEA covers everything from autism to deaf and blindness to learning disabilities. In some cases, the plan made by IDEA involves transferring the student to a special education classroom. Special education by definition means â€Å"specially designed instruction, at no cost to parents, to meet the uniqueRead MoreImportance Of Improvement For The Physical Education Department942 Words   |  4 Pagesgreat again. A generous high school graduate from Regent, has blessed the school with a large financial gift. The donated money should be focused towards the improvement of the P.E department, Fine arts department, and the school campus. The physical education department is one of the sections that the money should be used for. First, the school needs more P.E equipment, as well as an upgrade of the current equipment. For example, the badminton nets that are being used right now are not the proper

Essay about The Words of the Dying Gaunt - 1010 Words

The idea of England as a second paradise in a postlapsarian world was a popular thought in Shakespeares day. Not only did Englanders compare their land the to Biblical Eden, but also to Classical legends that would have flourished in the Renaissance era. The fact that Britain is an island isolated from the rest of the world invited the comparison of England to mythical islands such as the Islands of the Blest and Homers Ogygia (Mackenzie 319). Such comparisons surely originated in the strong patriotism that thrived in the Elizabethan era. Shakespeare capitalized on this feeling through his history plays, which both instructed his audience on Englands past and fed the patriotic ego of her citizens (Reese 46). Nowhere does†¦show more content†¦This warning foreshadows Richards confiscation of Gaunts estate and the rebellion staged by Bullingbrook, Gaunts son and rightful heir. The next portion of Gaunts speech reverberates the idea of England as a second paradise. The image of England throughout Richard II is not only presented through pictures of glorious landscape and well-tended gardens, but through its citizens, both royal and common (Stauffer 92). Gaunt fluidly but forcefully presents images of England throughout his speech. He gives a list of qualities in a rhythmic tour de force (Best), which connects all of Englands attributes with the word this: This royal throne of kings, this sceptered isle, This earth of majesty, this seat of Mars, This other Eden, demi-paradise, This fortress built by Nature for herself (40-44) These images present England as embodying physical attributes given by God. Gaunt continues this list of attributes by also praising Englands citizens by referring to them as This happy breed of men(45). The land is therefore credited for producing high-quality men, lending to the theme of England as female, fertile and mother to all her inhabitants. She is furtherShow MoreRelatedRichard II And Richard II Comparison843 Words   |  4 Pages(Richard) and Gaunt can be portrayed as extremely different characters from a superficial lens. When the two characters are analyzed using two poetic devices, it is revealed that they have extreme similarities that relate to their true selves. In both 2.1.93-138-139 and 5.5.106-107 of the play, it is revealed that Gaunt and Richard individually express pent up behavior that because they are both close to reaching death in those moments. Textual evidence justifies the argument that Gaunt and RichardRead More Shakespeare’s Richard II Essay: The Rape of a Nation1417 Words   |  6 Pagesautocracy. Gaunt proclaims t hat King Richard should relinquish his crown, because he has figuratively raped mother England by exploiting the loyalty of his subjects and debasing the grandeur of this blessed plot (2.1.50) for his own personal glory. John of Gaunts speech takes place from his deathbed. This setting heightens the resonance of his denouncement of Richard, for as Gaunt says, Where words are scarce they are seldom spent in vain / For they breathe truth that breathe their words in painRead MoreA Leader Is An Action Leading A Group Or Organization1749 Words   |  7 Pagesprocess, it is smart to take good advice from those who have their best interests in mind. In Richard II, John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, is King Richard’s elder uncle. John of Gaunt is very ill, and knows his days being alive are limited. While knowing his final days are upon him, he has become completely disgusted by the acts of his nephew, King Richard. John of Gaunt is persistent in wanting to help guide King Richard down the right path when pertaining to leadership. He sees allRead MoreThe Deposition of Richard II in Richard II by William Shakespeare566 Words   |  3 Pagesare bound to be overthrown. Shortly after decided this Richard gets word that John of Gaunt is on his deathbed. He is elated because he figured an easier way to fund his war. After the death of Gaunt, Richard will claim Gaunts lands as his own and use Gaunts wealth for the war. Richards coldness towards his uncle shows his lack of respect for anybody but himself. This lack of respect will help lead to his downfall. Gaunt curses Richard upon his deathbed. This curse is a bad omen and a prophesyRead More Biblical Figures and Ideals in Shakespeares Richard II Essay4152 Words   |  17 Pagesblood-relations and feels little to no responsibility to take care of his English brethren. John of Gaunt, in his last words, warns Richard of Englands sickness and the inevitable consequences when he says to him, Thy death-bed is no lesser than thy land (II.i, 95). This admonition can be read in two ways- that Richard will be killed in England, making the land his death-bed by virtue of his dying on it, or that the sickness that will kill Richard is the sickness of the land; the outrages done byRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Cyrano De Bergerac834 Words   |  4 Pageswhich prevented to reach his full potential in life. Christian, a man that Roxanne is in love with because of his attractive looks that reeled her in but little does she know, he is not fluent in expressing himself in words. Meanwhile, Cyrano may have inner beauty of his eloquent words, but his nose. His nose was one of the main reasons why he was so insecure to pursue the woman of his dreams. To add on, he already knows that his nose is excessively large which is why he keep teasing people about hisRead More Death in Edgar Allan Poes Life and The Masque of the Red Death1468 Words   |  6 PagesPoe lost his mother. Many other deaths and terrible occurrences manifested themselves in Poes life, from the refusal of his adoptive father, John Allan, to accept Poes attempts at reconciliation, to the request he could not fulfill of his dying adoptive mother, Fanny Allan. To a world fascinated by the bizarre and the macabre, Poe has often seemed an embodiment of the satanic characters of his own fiction, the archetype of the neurotic genius (McMichael 727). Poes most recognizedRead MoreI Am Living At The Villa Borghese1389 Words   |  6 Pagesthink about it, I am. Everything that was literature has fallen from me. There are no more books to be written, thank God. This then? This is not a book. This is libel, slander, defamation of character. This is not a book, in the ordinary sense of the word. No, this is a prolonged insult, a gob of spit in the face of Art, a kick in the pants to God, Man, Destiny, Time, Love, Beauty †¦ what you will. I am going to sing for you, a little off key perhaps, but I will sing. I will sing while you croak, I willRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe (the Raven)1496 Words   |  6 PagesHe is searching desperately to end his sorrow. The mood, somewhat established in Stanza 1 with midnight dreary and forgotten lore, becomes entrenched as Poe includes details such as bleak December, dying ember, ghost upon the floor, sorrow, and a bevvy of alliterative phrases and words with Anglo-Saxon roots. Activities for Classrooms www.ePals.com/Join Collaborate with students globally Join the ePals Global Community! Ads by Google * Stanzas: 3-5 Stanza 3:  To combat the fearRead More The Heroism of Dying for Ones Country in Poetry Essay1731 Words   |  7 PagesThe Heroism of Dying for Ones Country in Poetry The Volunteer is a Pro-War poem written by Herbert Asquith. Asquith uses roman imagery to invoke a feeling of greatness and honour. Asquith begins his poem by describing the miserable, mundane life of a clerk, working in a city grey. He opens with the words Here lies that are normally used to begin writing on a gravestone. This epitaph - style opening gives the idea that the clerk has now passed away and the poem will concentrate on

Monopsony and Taste-for-Discrimination Model Free Essays

(1) Monopsony is an economic situation when there are a number of sellers but only one buyer (monopsonist) in the market. Monopsony can be considered as the model symmetrical to market monopoly, and at monopsonic market not the sellers but buyer can determine the price of the goods in the market. A monopsonist can regulate market price by varying the amount of goods he buys. We will write a custom essay sample on Monopsony and Taste-for-Discrimination Model or any similar topic only for you Order Now That is why the price which monopsonist is ready to pay for the goods will be lower than it can be in any competitive market. The concept of Monopsony was introduced in 1933 by Joan Violet Robinson, a British economist and creator of the theory of imperfect competition. She conducted a series of researches on different economic issues, the results of which were publicized in her book The Economics of Imperfect Competition.   She also studied the dynamics of MC and MRP curves in the situation of monopsonic market and compared those with the dynamics of the corresponding curves in terms of competitive markets. (2) Taste-for-Discrimination model was created by an American economist Gary Becker, who is famous for his studying and interpreting economic concepts from sociological points of view. The model was introduced in the 1950s and described the behavior of employer, which is ready to have extra expenses in order to be associated with some group of the employees instead of another group. Originally, Becker made this assumptions referring to racial discrimination, but the model may be applied not only to racial determinant. Undoubtedly, such situation in the market can bring to lowering the wages of discriminated groups, though the productivity of all the groups will remain equal. Thus, discriminated employees will have lower utility. Correspondently, monetary profits of non-discriminatory companies will be higher than those of discriminatory companies.   In addition, it will affect economic equity, because the companies at the market will tend to segregate the groups of workers in long run period if the customers are ready to pay for the â€Å"taste†. References Robinson, Joan Violet. (2004) The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. NY: Columbia University Press. Schwab, S. J. (1999). Employment Discrimination [Brochure]. Cornell University School of Law. Ithaca, NY. How to cite Monopsony and Taste-for-Discrimination Model, Essay examples

Decoding Apples Balance Sheet Apa Format free essay sample

Decoding Apples Balance Sheet In March of 2009, Apple had its best March quarter revenue and earnings in Apple history (Apple). In order to see how this occurred, it is important to look over the financial statements of Apple. There is a lot of information available to investors who are interested in investing in a company. By looking specifically at the balance sheet of Apple I am going to determine if investing in Apple is a good idea or a bad idea. Some things I am going to consider are Apples assets, liabilities, and shareholders equity. These areas should give me insight to how the best quarter in Apple history ame to be. Looking at the current assets of Apple, cash and cash equivalents went down from 1 1. 8 billion dollars to 4. 4 billion dollars. This may look bad at first, but all of the other assets must be added to this in order to get an overall picture of the assets. Short-term marketable securities went up from 10. 2 billion dollars to 20. 5 billion dollars. This helped Apple’s assets grow tremendously. Accounts receivable fell to 1. 9 billion dollars from 2. 4 billion dollars. With the rest of the current assets figured in, inventories, deferred tax assets, and other current assets, the total current assets rose to 33. billion dollars from 32. 3 billion dollars. That was a rise of 1. 5 billion dollars (Apple). It is important to take into account the rest of the assets. For example, long-term marketable securities rose 1. 5 billion dollars, property, plant and equipment rose 0. 91 billion dollars, goodwill stayed the same, acquired intangible assets fell 0. 017 billion dollars, and other assets rose 0. 56 billion dollars. Now that we know how each asset was affected during this quarter, we come to the final numbers, which are total assets rose 3. 6 billion dollars. Apple grew its assets substantially during this quarter. I would think Apple would be a good company to invest in. Before I made any decisions I would investigate the balance sheet further in order to compare liabilities and shareholder’s equity with the previous quarter. This will give me a better understanding of the financial situation of the company (Apple). Current liabilities are in the first section of liabilities and shareholder’s equity. The following accounts are current liabilities and how they fared. Accounts payable went down from 5. 5 billion dollars to 3. 9 billion dollars. Accrued expenses went down 1 billion dollars. Deferred revenue went up from 4. 8 billion dollars to 7 billion dollars. The total change in current liabilities was a decrease of 0. 4 billion dollars. The other two liabilities categories, deferred revenue (non-current) and other non-current liabilities, rose collectively 0. 7 billion dollars. This gives the total liabilities a rise of 0. 3 billion dollars. This amount compared to current assets is not as significant. So far Apple is still looking like a good investment because the assets of Apple rose 1. 5 billion dollars whereas their liabilities only rose 0. 4 billion dollars. It is now time to take a look at the final category of the balance sheet, the shareholder’s equity (Apple). The value of shareholders equity, common stock, rose from 7. 1 billion dollars to 7. 6 billion dollars. Retained earnings also rose; it rose from 13. 8 billion dollars to 16. 6 billion dollars. Accumulated other comprehensive income rose . 07 billion dollars. Total shareholder’s equity rose 3. 3 billion dollars. So adding together the rise of 0. 4 billion dollars in liabilities with the 3. 3 billion dollar rise of the shareholder’s equity, we get the same amount, 3. 7 billion dollars, as we got for the rise in total assets.

The History Of Plymouth Plantation God Essay free essay sample

The History Of Plymouth Plantation: God Essay, Research Paper The presence of God is apparent in the transition from The History of Plymouth Plantation in every event important or non. In his journal, William Bradford describes several happenings in which God played a major function in make up ones minding the result. Harmonizing to Bradford, God can assist or ache harmonizing to His will. The first of these shows of God? s will in this transition was of retaliation toward a crewman. He was as Bradford described him? a proud and really blasphemous immature adult male # 8230 ; of a lusty, able body. ? The crewman would? ever be reprobating the hapless people? of the Mayflower because of their mal de mer. The crewman went every bit far as to state that he hoped to assist project them overboard before they reached the mainland. Bradford believed that God was pleased to smite this immature adult male with a dangerous disease and ironically do him to be the first to decease and be thrown overboard. We will write a custom essay sample on The History Of Plymouth Plantation God Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This proves that Bradford? s God is almighty and able to seek and derive retaliation against those who go against God? s chosen people. In a ulterior mention, God helps? one of his chosen people? survive during a storm. A immature adult male named of John Howard was coming up from below deck when he was swept overboard. But, because it pleased God, the adult male grasped a chief line and was able to be saved. Bradford believed that because the adult male was saved he was one of God? s chosen people and, hence, subsequently went on to go an of import member of their society. This incident verifies that Bradford believes that God punishes bad people but keeps his chosen out of injury? s manner. In this transition, there are besides several allusions to events that take topographic point in past spiritual Hagiographas including the Bible. In one, Bradford speaks of Mount Pisgah, where the Hebrews could see what put before them. Bradford infers that the pilgrims have it harder because the Ys do non cognize what lies in front of them. In another commendation he speaks of? wise? Seneca, who said he would instead take 20 old ages and travel by land than in shorter clip travel via the ocean. In some manner, Bradford believed that he is similar to other historical spiritual journeys and he considers that his journey is much like, if non more hard and important, than those before him. When they come ashore, Bradford describes the pilgrims falling to their articulatio genuss and blessing the? God who had brought them over the huge and ferocious ocean, and delivered them from all the hazards and wretchednesss thereof, once more to put their pess on the house and stable Earth, their proper element. ? Here, Bradford gives God recognition for the pilgrims? endurance. The transition does non state that God indirectly gives the crewmans the strength and unity to enable them safely come to the terminal of the journey, but it states a direct connexion with God and the pilgrims ability to last their trek. William Bradford concludes this portion of the trip with inside informations on how suffering it is in the new land, and how he doesn? T head because it is what God intended. ? What could now prolong them but the spirit of God and his grace? ? Bradford asks redundantly. Bradford so speaks of how the future coevalss should and should non talk of the ocean trip to the new land. He believes that God will present them from evil by assisting them survive in a topographic point with no metropolis, no nutrient and no drink. Every event that Bradford selected to depict in his diary has a direct nexus to God? s will. William Bradford believes that things do non merely go on, but are portion of God? s program. This belief is clear in the manner he discusses certain happenings, both honest and sick fated, pleased God. The fact that Bradford expressed these beliefs in a private diary makes it more convincing that he truly believes in what he writes.

John Edwards essays

John Edwards essays Jonathan Edwards I found Jonathan Edwards views on God and religion are very interesting. I personally dont really follow a religion. I do believe in a God, a being greater than us, but I find most of Edwards views of God pretty out there. Edwards saw his beliefs as the truth and wanted others to follow in what he considered to be the right path. In certain circumstances I think he was too harsh in his methods of trying to get people to believe what he did. For example his sermon Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God showed God as being very vengeful and unforgiving. He speaks of God as something to fear. Almost any action is a sin and you should live in a constant fear of this greater being that sees all and knows all. I understand that he was trying to make a point that religion shouldnt only be followed in the church but in every where in life, which I understand and agree with. I dont agree with his views of God: the Creator. My belief is that God, the one who supposedly created us, woul d be all loving and understanding. God, if anyone, would understand the mistakes of his creations. But as I disagree with Edwards I also give him a lot of respect for the way he got his point across. The only way to truly get peoples attention is too spark a feeling within them, in this case fear. Edwards does a great job of that in his writing. There is no want of power in God to cast wicked men into hell at any moment. Mens hands cant be strong when God rises up: the strongest have no power to resist him, nor can any deliver out of his hands,. As he stated in his Personal Narrative, I made seeking my salvation the main business of my life, I think he succeeded in that. Wouldnt ones salvation be to believe they know the true way to be saved? Jonathan Edwards writings certain...

OBESITY HEALTH PROMTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH Essay

OBESITY HEALTH PROMTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH - Essay Example Another interesting findings about obesity in U.K. is that the rate of increase in obesity was highest among middle aged (55-64) men. In 1994, around 18 percent of total middle aged men were obese, while in 2006 the rate stood at around 36 percent. (Trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity)     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Today people irrespective of their ages are less interested in spending time in exercising or other outdoor activities. Along with it the busy families of today’s world have little free time to prepare nutritious, home-cooked meals. Eating out on a daily basis is becoming a part of everyday life of adults as well as adolescent members, particularly in westernized culture. Obesity poses a great problem to society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Looking at the severity of the issue the present paper seeks to examine several epidemiological issues related to obesity in U.K., different health promotion initiatives taken by the government to tackle this problem, the possible public health care interventions using health promotion theories, and finally make some evaluation of the programs under taken by the U.K. government.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Having a few extra pounds in one’s body does not imply obesity. Usually, in medical terms a person is considered to be obese when his weight is at least 10 percent more compared to the recommended weight for his height and frame of the body. For obese people, their excessively heavy weights endanger their health. Obesity is gaining much attention because in the westernized societies including U.K is increasingly being found to be responsible for higher degree of mortality as well as morbidity. The more alarming thing regarding obesity is that initially the problem of obesity have been concentrated among adults only, but over time, increasing problems related to obesity are being diagnosed among children also. According to the Health Survey of England 2002,

Business Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Business Project Management - Essay Example However, with increased competition, widespread use of project management theories and processes in day to day functioning of businesses and blurring departmental and functional boundaries, projects are now considered no less than strategic processes underpinning theories and concepts of leadership, strategy, culture, communication, integration and appropriate know-how of relevant systems. This report aims at delving deep into this transformed outlook towards project management approach and how these management functions are shaping the traditional structure of project management into an amalgamation of project, change and process management. With the inclusion of relationship management, risk management, people satisfaction and motivation, empowerment and creativity; project management in itself is turning into a specialised body of knowledge comprising of the vital elements of management, strategy, human resources and operations. To demonstrate this tectonic shift, examples of vari ous projects ranging from big construction to IT ones have been taken so that theories and concepts can be understood in real life terms. ... Projects are time-bound, focus on a single time process and are usually complex in nature because of mingling of several distinct and unrelated functions. Limitation of time, cost and resources add to the characteristics of projects. On the contrary, processes are repeatable and do not suffer from limitations which are present in project management. Homogeneity is also more dominant in process management than do in project management. Traditional approach to project management Traditionally, projects used to be differentiated from that of processes because of superficial differences identified between the two. Their scope, extent of penetration in organization’s philosophy and strategy, resource allocation, level of inter-dependence of different functions and activities within the management of two and results achieved thereof lead to the misconception that projects cannot assume the status of processes and vice-versa. Typical project management cycle includes stereotypic phas es defined as requirements analysis, resource management, project methodology, risk management and project closure. These phases are technical in nature with clear specifications of roles, duty, inputs and respective outputs. They do not recognize the evolving nature of business place and components of business management like planning, controlling, decision making and more contemporary functions of management namely leadership, strategy, cultural ramifications, knowledge of systems and overall congruence with the components of process management. This makes the traditional approach to project management short of fulfilling the current needs of business and unique propositions. Evolved components of project management Prosci (2011) specifically highlights the tripartite nature of project

The Makings of a Hero Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Makings of a Hero - Essay Example The Republic of the Philippines, an archipelagic nation located in Southeast Asia, classified among the third world countries, has made Overseas Contract Workers their most dynamic labor force, with more than 11 million workers abroad with remittances amounting to 64.7 billion pesos last year, it has played a major part in sustaining the economy of the country, making it the fourth (4th) largest recipient of foreign remittances behind India, China, and Mexico (source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OFW). But regardless of the economic help an Overseas Contract Worker can extend, the reality of being far away from home, living alone in a different land where traditions and culture vary from your own, letting others benefit from your talents and skills, serving and taking care for the needs of other's children while missing your own children's growing up years, is definitely, heartbreaking. But because of the will to provide a better quality of life, these OCW's carry on no matter the pain, with the hope that a better future is being stored for their loved ones with their hard work and perseverance. With all the struggles and sacrifices they are making, indeed, they are worthy to be the "Heroes of the Modern Day"- especially for countries where foreign notes have higher values than their own currencies, these Overseas Contract Workers, are really, doing a noble job. Anywhere in the world, a construction laborer can be found. Construction Workers, defined by Encarta as builders of large structures such as a house, road or bridge, can also be viewed as Heroes. These construction workers are usually people who were not able to acquire education, there were some who have entered school but more or less, not enough for a lighter, high-paying Mabini 3 job, thus construction become their only chance for toil. It is definitely not a career that one would choose if given the choice, but left without any option at all, they bear the work. Construction is definitely, not an easy employment. In fact it is one of the jobs considered to be most strenuous. It requires not just mental faculty with all those skills involved, not just stamina but superlative patience, but most of all, one has to have a strong and enduring physique to finish what has been started. With the construction workers around, people are assured that development will continue to flourish, roads will be constructed, buildings will keep on rising, bridges will be made to connect places and houses will be there for us to be our home- and all of these because there are people who are not afraid of taking all the risk in the workplace and are willing enough to

Neuropsychopharmacology Concepts: Overview and Analysis

Neuropsychopharmacology Concepts: Overview and Analysis Cole Garcia Introduction This research paper was written explore and demonstrate my personal interests in my field of study, neuropsychopharmacology. The research papers discussed were selected to provide a diverse range of topics within the field, and to convey findings that I’ve deemed to be particularly unique or useful in real-life application. Neuropsychopharmacology: a Brief, Multidimensional View Although frequently demonstrated to be neurotoxic in humans, amphetamines have been therapeutically prescribed and abused recreationally since their discovery over a century ago. One form of amphetamine, infamous for its high rates of addiction and toxicity in users, is methamphetamine (METH). The researchers of this study posed the question of whether the traditional animal models demonstrating that METH use decreases caudate-putamen dopamine levels (DA) can be applied to human patterns of abuse and resulting neurotoxicity. Substantial research has indicated that tolerance to METH reduces many of the toxic effects associated with binge use of the drug. To demonstrate this, the researchers aimed to find if the neural death in rats associated with an acute METH binge following an escalation-dose (ED) pretreatment would be less severe than the damages stereotypically observed after high dose â€Å"binge† exposure without prior ED treatment. The researchers hypothesized that curr ent research overstates the neurotoxicity associated with METH abuse, since animal model studies fail to account for the ED pattern typically observed before binge-use in most human users of METH. To test their hypothesis, the researchers selected groups of healthy male rats for experimentation. The living conditions of the rats were kept stable and relatively natural. Following a normalization period of at least a week, the rats were administered three separate, increasing doses of d-METH each day for two weeks. The period began with a dosage of 0.1mg/kg and finished with a dosage of 4.0mg/kg, a dose considered extraordinarily high for human users. Following the last day of ED pretreatment, the rats were administered a â€Å"binge† regimen, consistent with those traditionally used in similar studies, of four injections of 6mg/kg at two hour intervals. Throughout the experiment, a variety of data regarding behavioral responses to the drug, physiological responses like hyperthermia, and other immediately observable variables were gathered. Three days after the last METH administration, the rats were killed and their brains were analyzed to measure DA content and the leve ls of DAT transporter binding that is typically reduced as a result of METH binge use. Analysis of the data showed that the acute METH binge administration produced lower than average neurotoxicity in rats that were subject to ED pretreatment. All but one of the post-mortem neural tissue measurements displayed a reduction in damages in the pretreated rats while non-pretreated rats displayed normal levels of neural death following the acute binge. In vitro data showed similar results; rats administered the binge regiment without pretreatment displayed stereotypic movement associated with acute an METH binge. Most significantly, the data showed that the reduction in DA levels typically resulting from METH binge administration was considerably less severe in the rats that underwent ED pretreatment. All p values for this data were less than 0.01 or 0.001. The researchers concluded that a significant portion of the neurotoxic effects of METH binge use observed in rats can be attenuated by a prior escalation dose regimen. Since past studies on METH’s neurotoxicity fail to examine the drug’s neurotoxicity in subjects that followed â€Å"regular† human patterns prior to administration of toxic doses, the researchers argued that future research on stimulant abuse should follow an escalation dose pretreatment in order to produce data that is actually applicable to the majority of human subjects. For psychopharmacology researchers concerned with reducing drug related harm, this is extremely important information and future studies should explore further by finding a rodent ED pretreatment that is most comparable to actual human behavior patterns. The effects of hallucinogenic drugs like psilocybin and LSD have been documented to profoundly alter visual perceptions of the world. For thousands of years, psilocybin and similar substance have been used for spiritual and religious rituals in many different cultures. Until recently, the neurological causes for the visual distortions have been largely unknown. Past research has found that the serotonin receptors, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B, 5-HT2C, are likely highly involved in visual processing as well as hallucinations associated with Schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease. Past animal studies indicate that activation of the 5-HT2A receptors increases the excitability of the visual cortex. This research paper, published by the Journal of Neuroscience, investigates the possibility that the activation of 5-HT2A receptors through psilocybin causes modulation of parietal-occipital ÃŽ ± oscillations, resulting this noted increase in excitability of visual processors. The researchers further hypothesized that the hallucinations could be caused by the 5-HT2A receptor modulation of the visual cortex’s visual recognition â€Å"potentials.† Specifically, the researchers questioned whether or not the P1 and N170 (visual recognition and mid-level processing potentials) are modulated by psilocybin’s activations of the 5-HT2A receptors. The researchers attempted to answer these questions by administering across multiple doses a combination of psilocybin, a placebo, and ketanserin (a 5-HT2A antagonist to cancel the effects of psilocybin in certain trials) to seventeen healthy individuals on four different experimental days. After administration of each drug(s), visual stimulus and response tests were carried out with continuous EEG monitoring during each trial. ÃŽ ± waves were measured for a short duration before and after the administration of the visual stimulus, and the resulting strengths were compared. Six hours after the administration of the drugs, the subjects were required to fill out a standardized questionnaire addressing their subjective visual alterations and changes in perception as a result of the drugs administered on that day. A variety of corrections and comparisons were performed on the data to analyze it with respect to the hypotheses, and results were constructed from the implicated correlations. The first finding was that all subjects administered psilocybin subjectively experienced hallucinogenic effects or visual distortions. It was also found that the all subjects administered the placebo or ketanserin reported no hallucinations or visual distortions. P and r values for these data suggested very strong replicability and correlation. From the ÃŽ ± oscillation data, the researchers found that, under normal conditions, the ÃŽ ± oscillations were stronger during the prestimulus phase than the poststimulus phase. From the psilocybin administered subject trials, the researchers found that the ÃŽ ± oscillations were weaker than usual in the prestimulus phase and the subsequent reduction of strength was not observed in the poststimulus phase. In the placebo and ketanserin tests, no attenuation of ÃŽ ± oscillations were observed. Similarly, in trials where ketanserin was administered 1 hour following psilocybin administration, the decrease in ÃŽ ± oscillations was not observed, in dicating that the 5-HT activation following psilocybin administration is likely a cause for the observed ÃŽ ± oscillation modulation. Since ÃŽ ± oscillations have been shown to be involved in the brain’s construction of vision, the researchers concluded that the hallucinogenic effects of psilocybin are, at least partially, caused by modulation of ÃŽ ± oscillations by activation of 5-HT2A. Along with the modulation of ÃŽ ± oscillations through psilocybin’s activation of 5-HT2A, the researchers also monitored modulation of the P1 and N170 potentials. Activation of 5-HT2A was found to decrease the P1 potentials while increasing the N170 potentials during stimulus. Differences between the psilocybin and non-psilocybin trials showed trends and replicability similar to the observed ÃŽ ± oscillation data. Since these potentials have been shown to be important neurological processes associated with the brain’s recognition and construction of visual input, the researchers concluded that modulation of these important visual potentials is likely somewhat responsible for the perceived changes in visual perception. These data are among the first to show a potential neurological mechanism of action for the changes in visual perception caused by psilocybin, and future research could seek to understand how the modulation of these systems directly relates to specific vis ual changes. Alcoholism is an affliction facing millions of people worldwide and its consequences stretch far beyond the individual. Despite the mounting medical and social costs of alcohol addiction, little progress has been made towards developing effective medication as treatment. Ibogaine, a hallucinogen found in a plant native to Africa, has been anecdotally observed to reverse or undue addiction to many drugs of abuse, including alcohol. Due to its safety profile and nature of the drug’s effects, ibogaine has not yet been considered a potential medication. In this study, the researchers posed the question of whether ibogaine reduces behaviors of addiction; and, if so, how and where it produces these effects in the brain. Digging deeper, the researchers aimed to refute or confirm evidence indicating that ibogaine causes neurotoxicity at doses associated with the addiction reducing action of the drug. To answer these questions, the researchers used both behavior studies and in vivo `brain analysis. The behavior studies, testing the anti-addiction potential of ibogaine, were carried out by habituating rats to ethanol (self-administered or systematically) and then recording preferences following treatment with ibogaine. One study allowed the rats continuous access to both water and ethanol for a period of two months before administration of alcohol. In another study, rats were placed in a cage with two levers, one delivering water and the other delivering ethanol. After a period of three days without the water lever being active, ibogaine was administered and the responses were recorded. A variety of similar experiments were carried out, each of them aiming to eliminate one area of uncertainty regarding the nonspecific activities of the drug. To test for the mechanisms involved in ibogaines addiction reversal, the researchers carried out a series of ibogaine microinjections into the brains of ethanol self-administering rats. In order to clarify which area of the brain is mediates ibogaines effects, each injection was localized at a different brain structure associated with addiction and the resulting behaviors were observed. In vivo, the researchers further isolated ibogaines mechanism of action by examining the drug’s effects on cells in the rodent’s midbrain. To test for neurotoxicity, the brains of non-ibogaine treated mice were analyzed against the brains of ibogaine treated mice. After analyzing the data, the researchers found that all trials indicated attenuation of alcoholism in rats treated with ibogaine. With continuous access to alcohol before and after treatment, ibogaine treated subjects showed a reduction in preference for alcohol (when given a choice) as well as a reduction of intake when no choice was offered. Further clarifying the findings, the data showed that rats treated with ibogaine showed very little change in preference for water or sucrose control solutions. P values for these data was less than 0.02 consistently. The findings confirm that ibogaine, when administered to alcohol preferring animals, reduces the animals consumption of alcohol. Among the secondary findings, the researchers also determined the specific area mediating ibogaine’s action to be the ventral tegmental area (VTA). In trials where ibogaine micoinjections were performed in the VTA, rats decreased their consumption of alcohol considerably. In trials where the same microinjections were made in neighboring substantia nigra, no reduction in alcohol was observed. Another important result was the lack of cell death observed in mice treated with the same therapeutic doses administered to the rat subjects. This was found by observing comparing brain sections of mice exposed to known neurotoxins, ibogaine, or nothing. Similarly, no coordination impairment or bodily harm was found to occur after ibogaine administration at therapeutic doses. The researchers also found that the expression of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is directly affected by the drug ibogaine. This leads to what is probably the most important discovery of the data: when GDNF neutralizing antibodies are injected into the VTA of ibogaine administered alcoholic rats, the reduction of alcohol intake was negated. These findings confirm previous studies that show GDNF negate some of the effects of psychoactive drugs. The results of the experiment indicate that ibogaine is not only a potential treatment for alcoholism and addiction, but that this effect is likely carried out through increase in GDNF expression after administration of ibogaine. In the research field seeking to find treatment for drug abuse, these results are potentially revolutionary. To develop an effective treatment, future studies could seek to develop a molecule that induces the upregulation of the GDNF pathway. Alternatively, further research could be done on ibogaine in order to develop a treatment that excludes the hallucinogenic effects of the drug. Mertons theory of Anomie: Girl gangs Mertons theory of Anomie: Girl gangs Topic: Read the report A study on girls in gangs by Hong Kong Federation of Youth and evaluate the possible explanations offered by Merton’s strains towards anomie theory. After reading the report A Study on Girls in Gang by Hong Kong Federation of Youth , to a large extent I disagree to Merton’s strain towards anomie theory. Lets begin with the definition of Girls in Gang. Firstly, Girls in Gang means those girls are not contribute in any triad or serious criminal cases like murder, but they mainly committed in physical violence, stealing from shop or strangers, dishonesty to use their phone or bullying some people that they do it for fun. Secondly, they aged from 10 to 17 years old. Thirdly, gang members are or above 3 people.(Chu Yiu Kong, An Analysis of Youth Gangs in Tin Shui Wai in Hong Kong) Moreover, there are 5 types of structure in gangs. They are autonomous which is girl-dominant, auxiliary which is also girl-dominant but also rely on boy gangs, mixed which included girls and boys, independent group which is not control by anyone, satellite group which is girl-dominant, rely on boy gangs but independent. But what we know is, auxiliary and satellite are the main structures which were more common in Hong Kong society, and the decision-making are mainly from the boys. According to the theory of Structural Functionalism, the society is co-related. The social relationship extending over time and form stable patterns of interaction, then these structures in turn constituted social institutions when times gone. Therefore the social problem happens when function of an institution is not being performed properly, results from the malfunctioning. Also, from Mertons theory, deviant behavior and social disorganization were separate and distinct; tended to see each as causing the other. (Merton, 1938) In the case of Girls in Gangs, there is malfunction in the social relationship of their family, which cannot achieve prerequisite of socialization in order to inherit values, social norms, customs or ideologies by the society. That means their relationship cannot engage those girls in such a way that we find appropriate and acceptable. At the same time, their family cannot give out as the role of the family does such as give them love and belonging, financial support. Thus, girls may easily accept the deviant behaviors such as join gang to satisfy their needs. Refer to Mertons theory of strains towards anomie society, separate deviance into cultural structure and social structure. First, anomie means the low level of moral regulation which regard as normlessness, on the one hand, it is about when we are free to act and not constrained by social norms. Second, cultural structures means a hierarchy of shared values that govern our behaviors and provide us with cultural goal like achievement on education or career, material comfort of wealth. On the other hand, social structure means institutional norms which define and regulate the acceptable mode of reaching these goals.'(Merton, 1938) In other words, is to provide legitimate means by which members can pursue their goals. From his theory, there are five types of adaptations to achieve either cultural goals or social means. To a large extent, I agree to the conformity adaptations, but small extent agree to the ritualism adaptations, the innovation adaptation, the rebellion adaptations and th e retreatism adaptation did applicable to the case of girls join gangs in Hong Kong. The reasons are as of the following. The report of A study on Girls in Gangs have shown that the several reasons of the girls join gangs because of emotional attachment and protection. As most of the interviewees responded that they were lack of affiliation, which they do not have a good or even lack of relationship with their family, school or working place. In order to fulfill their mental needs or emotional attachment, they joined gangs to achieve the conformity with other people in order to lower the loneliness. Besides, girls in gangs will be named as ah-so, English means either sister-in-law or girlfriend, or ka -mui, in English means little sister, both names did not have a direct relationship, but somehow they can get protection from the gangs because of what their fake relationship is simply as same as the real family. This structure represents that the girl participating in gangs is trying to achieve their cultural goal and they do have social means which is join gangs . Thus, the girls participate in gangs d oes regard as an conformity adaptations since they have their cultural goals and social means. According to the report, A study on Girls in Gangs, the two interviewees told that they were pleasant and happy because of they can enjoy free entertainment when they join gangs. (18 years old, student) They will go to sing karaoke, dancing or go to mainland sometimes, depend on where the gangs go, and the girls in gangs do not need to pay any money, which for boys to show their gentleness and power. (16 years old, employee). From the research, it presents the girls do have cultural goal which is free entertainment regard as use the social means, but they use the same means which do not have any new goals or new means. In addition, the society was also assume the goal as materialism or material comfort, when they did not achieve their goals in legitimacy means, so they will reject the mean. Therefore, the ritualism adaptation which refers as no goals but with means cannot apply in this case. Nonetheless, the report A study on Girls in Gangs, One of the interviewees said that she joins gang because of her boyfriend is one of the members in gangs.(16, student)Furthermore, from what she has said, girls join gangs may seem to have a new goal which is find a boyfriend and maintain a stable love relationship with their partner, but it is also talk about they need emotional attachment, love and belonging by the mean. Thus, rebellion adaptation which have new goals and new means, and innovation adaptation which have goals and new means are not applicable in girls join gangs in Hong Kong, because they do not have the new goals and new means. The above report datas also presented some of the girls know that when they need to leave the gang. The report shown that girls join gangs which they think they were smart enough to protect themselves, and they know what they are doing, they always did something for aim.(18, employee) This shows that they are not as what retreatlism adaptation means have no goals and no means to do some deviant behavior, and what Merton regards as true deviant. Therefore, retreatlism adaptation cannot apply in this case, as the girls join gangs for goals. In our life, different countries or places may bring a different social structure. Compare to America, Hong Kong is rarely have serious criminal cases, and the girls in gangs which were totally different. Mertons theory can explain why rates of deviant behavior are higher in some sectors of the society than in others. American culture is characterized by great emphasis on the accumulation of wealth as a success symbol without a corresponding emphasis on using legitimate means to match toward their goal.'(Marshall B. Clinard, 1964) Refer to the theory, it told that in America society, if the one who want to achieve goals of being wealthy, they can use any means leaned success, even illegal or criminal should be accepted by the theory. Thus, American are more focus on wealth, and do not care all other things such as relationship, love, caring, academic, and they may not facing the same problems of Hong Kong girls in gangs which was lack of affiliation or facing failure. Then, compare t o the case of Hong Kong girls in gangs, mainly concerned about the emotional attachment and conformity, join gangs seek as an instruments to achieve their conformity, they may have goals but they do not have any new means. So in this way, Mertons theory may not be appropriate to apply on the girls join gangs in Hong Kong society which is more applicable on American society. Last but not least, Hong Kong girls join gangs should be regarding something they want like affiliation to achieve with means, which is Hong Kong girls join gangs were trying to gain conformity by satisfy their emotional attachment, love and belonging. So conformity adaptation of the Mertons theory is the only one can apply and suit on the girls join gangs in Hong Kong. On the other hand, girls in gang of Hong Kong society need to fulfill their need with means, but not with new goals or new means, so other adaptation of the Mertons theory may not be the best to apply in Girls in Gangs of Hong Kong society. Therefore, to a large extent I disagree to Merton’s strain towards anomie theory. Reference Readings Chu, Yiu Kong (2005)An analysis of Youth Gangs in Tin Shui Wai in Hong Kong in Hong Kong Journal of Social Sciences NO.29 Spring/Summer 2005. Clinard, Marshall B.(1995) Robert Merton: Anomie and Social Structure in Earl Eubington and Martin S. Weinberg ed. The study of Social Problems Seven Perspectives, London : Oxford University Press. Haralambos, Michael and Holborn, Martin (2000) Sociology Themes and Perspectives ,London Collins. Mok, James and Chan Shui-ching(2008) A study on Girls in Gangs, Hong Kong : Research Centre, Hong Kong Federation of Youth Group.

A LIFETIME COMMITMENT TO PHYSICAL FITNESS :: Essays Papers

A LIFETIME COMMITMENT TO PHYSICAL FITNESS A lifetime commitment to physical fitness can no longer be considered a luxury. It is indeed a necessity. What could be worse than the sight of a physically bankrupt forty-year-old executive recovering from his first major heart attack? With the aid of modern technology and a little hard work, a motivated person can become physically fit and avoid this catastrophe. I firmly believe in the lifetime commitment to physical fitness, and practice it as well. Fitness will not only help you physically, but mentally and financially as well. Most Americans abide by what can be referred to as the law of beauty. If it looks good, it must be good. We need to erase this from our minds when dealing with physical fitness. More often than not, the people who get quick results for beauty are the ones who cut corners. Cutting corners can be very dangerous from a physical standpoint, and is not what the commitment to physical fitness is about. To name a few guilty parties, steroid abusers, anorexics, and bulemics are tops on the list. Although steroids provide big muscles quickly, and anorexia and bulimia provide a thin waist promptly, usually the party involved doesn't realize what's at stake. The long-term effects of theses habits are more severe than a body abuser may have ever imagined. Steroids may cause cancer, elephantitis, and internal organ damage. Side effects of anorexia and bulimia include loss of skin and tooth color, and internal organ damage as well. These paths are taken by those who cut corners and are surely not concerned with a lifetime commitment to anything. The commitment involves a combination of things, that done properly can greatly increase your health. Most importantly, you need to establish a proper diet for yourself. Sadly, most people do everything right but neglect their body nutritionally. The proper diet establishes a strong base for training. Next, you need to set up a workout routine that will combine cardiovascular training with strength and conditioning exercises. Most people avoid this because they feel they will have to put in three hours every day in a hot gym for the rest of their lives. In actuality, a program that provides these types of exercises will only take about 45 minutes every other day. Lastly, you need to motivate yourself to do this. If the sight of you recovering from a heart attack at 40 (because you were lazy) doesn't motivate you, then you're obviously content with where you are and needn't bother reading further.